- Example Of Avogadro's Law In Real Life Pdf
- Example Of Avogadro's Law In Real Life
- Example Of Avogadro's Law In Real Life Test
Distillation of Mixtures
Example Of Avogadro's Law In Real Life Pdf
There are two general types of mixtures to consider,mixtures of miscible liquids and mixtures of immiscible liquids. Their behaviorin distillation is very different from one another. Miscible liquids are soluble in each otherin all ratios. Immiscible liquids do not dissolve in one another to any extent.Water is immiscible with most organic substances and will generally always be one of the components in a mixture of immiscible liquids. Mixturesobey Dalton's law of partial pressures which states that the vapor pressure of a mixture is equal to the sum of the vapor pressures of the individualcomponents. When a mixture of immiscible liquids is heated, it will boilat a temperature which is less than the boiling point of either of thecomponents. Both components will be present in the vapor. For a specificexample consider a mixture of limonene and water. At a little over 97°C thevapor pressure of water is 695 mmHg(mm of mercury) and the vapor pressure of limonene is 65 mmHg.Since the sum of the vapor pressures equals 760 mmHg, the mixture boils. Themixture will continue to boil at this temperature as long as any limonene ispresent in the mixture. When all of the limonene is gone, the boiling pointrises to 100°C, the boiling point of pure water. On condensing the vapor, thelimonene and water, being immiscible in one another, separate into two phases. Chlorine group number. Thistechnique is referred to as steam distillation and can be an effective methodfor isolating organic materials from complex mixtures. The earliest isolationsof organic substances from natural materials were done using steamdistillation. One distinct advantage of steam distillation is the lowertemperature required to isolate the organic substance. In the example withlimonene, limonene is volatilized at 97°C whereas its normal boiling point is 175°C. Refrence: www.chem.wisc.edu/courses/342/Fall2004/Distillation.pdf
Example Of Avogadro's Law In Real Life
Presentation Outline
Example Of Avogadro's Law In Real Life Test
1. Avogadro's law is an experimental gas law relating volume of a gas to the amount of substance of gas present. The most important consequence of Avogadro's law is that the ideal gas constant has the same value for all gases. This means that the constanthas the same value for all gases, independent of the size or mass of the gas molecules.
2. The law can be stated mathematically:V/n=KV is the volume of the gas.n is the amount of substance of the gas.k is a proportionality constant. P1xV1/T1xn1=P2xV2/T2xn2Equals the constant. p is the pressure of the gasT is the temperature of the gas
3. Avogadro's law used in everyday life:Example 1) As you blow up a basketball, you are forcing more gas molecules into it. The more molecules, the greater the volume. The basketball inflates.Example 2) A flat tire takes up less space than an inflated tire, because it contains less air.
4. Continued:Example 3) Lungs expand as they fill with air. Exhaling decreases the volume of the lungs.Example 4) A balloon filled with helium weighs much less than an identical balloon filled with air. Both balloons contain the same number of molecules. Helium atoms have lower mass than either oxygen molecules or nitrogen molecules in air, so the helium balloon is lighter.
5. In 1811 Avogadro hypothesized that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules. From this hypothesis it followed that relative molecular weights of any two gases are the same as the ratio of the densities of the two gases under the same conditions of temperature and pressure.
6. Amedeo Avogadro facts:Born to a noble family of Turin, Avogadro's full name was Lorenzo Romano Amedeo Carlo Avogadro di Quaregnae di Cerreto, and he was the Count of Quaregna and Cerreto. Amedeo Avogadro was born August 9, 1776 and died, July 9, 1856. He was an Italian physicist and mathematician who is best known for his groundbreaking work in molecular theory. His early ideas were so important to the field, in fact, that the number of particles in one mole of a substance, 6.02214179(30) × 1023, is named Avogadro's constant in his honor and is represented by the symbol NA.
7. Continued:Amedeo Avogadro was best known for his hypothesis that equal volumes of different gases contain an equal number of molecules, provided they are at the same temperature and pressure.He never married or had children.
8. Example problem:5.00 L of a gas is known to contain 0.965 mol. If the amount of gas is increased to 1.80 mol, what new volume will result (at an unchanged temperature and pressure)?Solution:I'll use V1n2 = V2n1(5.00 L) (1.80 mol) = (x) (0.965 mol)
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- http://www.chemistry.co.nz/avogadro.htm
- http://www.chemheritage.org
- http://www.chemteam.info/GasLaw/Gas-Avogadro.html